![]() Heavy metals are considered EDCs with known toxicological risk to human health, including to sexual health and male fertility, as they affect several factors, including semen quality parameters and the secretory function of accessory sexual glands. ![]() One of the major characteristics of these chemicals is that they interfere with the endocrine signaling of the body. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a group of compounds considered toxic to humans and to the environment. The effects of many of these chemicals, with which we have daily contact, on the male reproductive system and spermatogenesis remain unknown. One of the main contributors to the rise of infertility is the constant exposure to chemical compounds. In 2015, it was estimated that 30 million men worldwide were infertile. This condition can have male and/or female origins, with the male factor alone being responsible for one-third of all infertility cases, as well as one-half of all combined male-female caused cases. Infertility is the inability to achieve pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Thus, further research is imperative to comprehend the underlying mechanisms of CrPic 3 in the physiological processes relevant to male fertility, ensuring the supplement’s safety for use by men. However, gaps and inconsistencies exist in the literature concerning its effects on male fertility. Remarkably, CrPic 3 impacts male fertility through the alteration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), T levels, and sperm parameters (sperm motility and abnormal sperm count). The detriments caused by CrPic 3 in LC include the inhibition of enzymes involved in steroidogenesis, and, as in other cells, the induction of mutagenesis and apoptosis. This review aims to identify the possible effects of CrPic 3 on testicular steroidogenesis and thus, on male fertility. While Cr(III) is controversially regarded as an essential metal, its compound Cr(III) picolinate (CrPic 3) is used as a nutritional supplement due to its antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. Chromium is classified as an EDC, and its main forms are hexavalent (Cr(VI)) and trivalent chromium (Cr(III)). Among the factors that affect steroidogenesis, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) raise concerns, as they disturb hormonal signaling. Disrupted LC function can hinder steroid production and fertility. Leydig cells (LC) produce T through testicular steroidogenesis. Low testosterone (T) levels are a major cause of male infertility, as this hormone is crucial for several processes throughout the entire male reproductive tract.
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